Słowniczek

Branża podłogowa, termin po terminie

Terminy importowe, skróty zgodności i słownictwo produktowe — krótkie, praktyczne definicje dla zajętych profesjonalistów.

Definicje są obecnie dostępne w języku angielskim.

CIF (Cost, Insurance & Freight): Incoterm: the seller pays cost, insurance and freight to the destination port; risk passes to the buyer on loading. The usual basis of Asian flooring quotes — and the value EU anti-dumping duty is charged on.
FOB (Free on Board): Incoterm: the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel; the buyer arranges and pays freight, insurance and everything after.
DDP (Delivered Duty Paid): Incoterm: the seller delivers to the named place with all duties and clearance paid — maximum certainty for the buyer, priced in.
EXW (Ex Works): Incoterm: the buyer collects at the seller's premises and carries every cost and risk from there. Cheap on paper, demanding in practice.
Anti-dumping duty: An EU import duty offsetting unfairly low export prices. Chinese multilayered wood flooring carries definitive duties of 21.3–36.1% since 15 July 2025 (Reg. (EU) 2025/1342).
Absorption investigation: An EU probe into whether exporters have 'absorbed' a duty by cutting prices so the measure never reaches the market. One covering Chinese wood flooring opened in April 2026 and could raise duties to a maximum of 72.2%.
CN code: The EU's Combined Nomenclature customs classification. Multilayered wood flooring is CN 4418 75 00 — the code determines which duties apply.
Landed cost: The true per-m² cost of goods at your warehouse: product price plus freight, duty, clearance and inbound handling — the only number worth comparing.
EUDR: EU Deforestation Regulation (Reg. (EU) 2023/1115): requires due diligence with geolocation of harvest plots for wood products. Applies to medium and large operators from 30 December 2026, micro and small from 30 June 2027.
EUTR: EU Timber Regulation — the current legality-based due-diligence regime. Repealed by EUDR from 30 December 2026, with transitional application for products already placed on the market.
FSC: Forest Stewardship Council — certification that wood originates from responsibly managed forests, tracked through a chain-of-custody certificate.
PEFC: Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification — the other major forest-certification scheme, built on national standards.
Chain of custody (CoC): Certified tracking of wood from forest to finished product; without CoC, a forest certificate does not transfer to the floor you buy.
CE marking: The manufacturer's declaration that a construction product meets the applicable EU harmonised standard, backed by a declaration of performance.
DoP (Declaration of Performance): The document behind CE marking: declared performance values (fire, slip, formaldehyde, etc.) for a construction product.
E1: Formaldehyde emission class for wood-based products — the baseline requirement in the EU; stricter classes and low-emission finishes go further.
Engineered (multilayer) flooring: A real-wood wear layer bonded to a stabilising core. Far more dimensionally stable than solid wood — the standard choice for modern buildings and underfloor heating.
Solid wood flooring: Boards milled from a single piece of timber. Beautiful, refinishable — and movement-prone; generally not recommended over underfloor heating.
Wear layer: The top layer of real wood on an engineered board. Its thickness determines how many times the floor can be re-sanded over its life.
Grades (Select / Natur / Rustic): Sorting classes for wood character: Select is calm and scarce, Natur balanced, Rustic full of knots and colour play. Same wood, different yield — hence the price gap.
Herringbone: Pattern of rectangular blocks laid at 90° to each other in a zigzag. A classic feature format enjoying a strong revival.
Chevron: Pattern of boards cut at an angle and meeting in a continuous point. More cutting waste than herringbone — and a more architectural line.
Wire-brushing: Surface treatment that brushes out the soft grain, leaving a tactile texture that hides wear and reads as natural.
Acclimatization: Letting sealed packs adjust to site climate (at least 48 hours) before installation, so boards don't move after laying.
Expansion gap: The 10–15 mm perimeter gap that gives a wood floor room to move with seasonal humidity — covered by skirting, never filled.
Wastage: The cutting allowance added to ordered quantity: roughly 5–7% for straight laying, ~10% diagonal, 10–15% for herringbone and chevron.
R-value (thermal resistance): How much a floor build-up resists heat flow — the figure that decides underfloor-heating efficiency; check it on the product TDS.
TDS (Technical Data Sheet): The product document with construction, tolerances, emissions, UFH suitability and installation rules. When in doubt, the TDS wins.